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1860: 2 cent foreign circular rate - Two pennies

23 January 1860 New Orleans, Louisiana printed circular to Genoa, Italy, pair 1c perforated 1857 issue adhesives paying circular rate

The two cent printed matter rate went into effect in 1851 and covered only the United States and British carriage. France charged Sardinia 2 decimes transit and Sardinia collected 32 centes on arrival.

1857 Flying Eagle penny minted in Philadelphia

1860 Indian Head penny minted in Philadelphia

An Act of February 21, 1857 provided for the coinage of the first small cent to be composed of 88% copper and 12% nickel. The design was soon changed and in 1860 a shield was added to the reverse.

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